广州市白云区≤4岁麻疹病例发病危险因素研究

Risk Factor Analysis of Measles Cases under 4 Years Old in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City

目的研究广州市白云区≤4岁麻疹病例发病危险因素及探讨麻疹防治对策。方法调查白云区≤4岁麻疹病例385例,收集病例就诊情况、乘坐交通工具情况、免疫史及相关信息,与麻疹个案调查表进行整合分析。结果8个月～4岁麻疹病例23.1%发病前有麻疹疫苗(MV)接种史,7.22%病例发病前3周内有MV接种史,30.13%麻疹病例发病前3周(最长潜伏期)内有就诊史,29.16%病例发病前3周内有乘坐交通工具史,6.23%病例发病前3周内有现症麻疹病人接触史。结论白云区≤4岁麻疹病例表现出医院聚集性,存在院内感染的可能;≤4岁病例发病危险因素还可能与发病前3周内乘坐过交通工具及接触过麻疹现症病人有关。

Objective To analyze the risk factor of measles cases under 4 years old in Baiyun district of Guangzhou city and develop the preventive measures. Methods 385 measles eases were investigated, and the information about hospital visit history, immunization history, and other information were collected. Results The data shows that 23.1% eases between eight month and four years have MV immunization history and 7.22% cases have MV immunization history three weeks before symptomatic （The longest incubation period）. And the results also shows 30.13% cases have hospital visit history, 29.61% cases have transport history, 6.23% cases have contact history with measles patients three weeks before symptomatic. Conclusion Cases with hospital visit history three weeks before symptomatic gives the evidence for measles cases caused by hospital infection. And other risk factors include transport history, contact history with measles patients.