子痫前期母儿常规脑电图的研究

Electroencephalography features of women with preeclampsia and their newborns

目的:分析子痫前期孕产妇及其新生儿常规脑电图(EEG)的特点。方法:对2008年6月至2009年4月在我院产科住院分娩的子痫前期孕产妇及其新生儿进行EEG检查,分析其特点并与正常孕产妇及其新生儿EEG进行比较,对轻、重度子痫前期孕产妇EEG的结果进行比较。结果:23例正常分娩孕产妇EEG均正常。32例子痫前期孕产妇(轻度子痫前期19例,重度子痫前期13例),其中16例EEG为正常,16例EEG为异常(界限性EEG7例,异常EEG9例)。异常EEG中,13例表现为癫痫样放电,2例以快波活动为主,1例以慢波活动为主。子痫前期与正常孕产妇EEG结果经卡方检验,P<0.0001,两者差异有非常显著性;轻、重度子痫前期孕产妇EEG结果经卡方检验,P=0.7189,两者差异无显著性。正常母亲新生儿23例,其中17例无脑损伤,6例有脑损伤,EEG22例正常,1例异常。子痫前期母亲新生儿28例,其中17例无脑损伤,11例有脑损伤,24例EEG正常,4例异常。正常与子痫前期母亲新生儿脑损伤结果经卡方检验,P=0.3198,两者差异无显著性;正常与子痫前期母亲新生儿EEG改变经Fisher精确检验,P=0.3622,两者差异无显著性。结论:子痫前期孕产妇EEG改变以癫痫样放电为主;与正常孕产妇相比,子痫前期孕产妇EEG变化显著;子痫前期轻、重程度可能对EEG无显著影响。母亲子痫前期对新生儿脑结构和功能可能没有明显影响。

Objective To explore the eleetroencephalography （EEG） features of women with preeclampsia and their newborns. Methods 32 women with preeclampsia, 23 women with normal pregnancy, and their newborns were all examined with EEG in our obstetrics wards from June 2008 to April 2009. The EEG features of women with preeelarnpsia were explored and compared with those of women with normal pregnancy, and the EEGs of women with mild or severe preeclampsia were also compared. The EEGs and brain injuries of the newborns whose mothers were with preeclampsia were compared with those with normal pregnancy. Results All the EEGs of women with normal pregnancy were normal. Among the 32 EEGs of women with preeclampsia （19 with mild preeclampsia and 13 with severe preeclampsia）, 16 were normal and 16 were abnormal. The 16 abnormal ones included 13 with epileptiform discharges, 2 with fast waves and 1 with slow waves. There were significant differences between the EEGs of women with preeclampsia and those with normal pregnancy （P 〈 0.000 1 ）, whereas there were no significant differences between the EEGs of women with mild preeelampsia and those with severe preeclampsia （P = 0.718 9）. Among the newborns whose mothers were with normal pregnancy, there were 6 with brain injuries and 1 with abnormal EEG. Among the newborns whose mothers were with preeelampsia, there were 11 with brain injuries and 4 with abnormal EEG. There were on significant differences between the brain injury prevalence and the EEGs that of the newborns whose mothers were with preeelampsia and those with normal pregnancy （both P 〉 0.05）. Conclusions Epileptiform discharges is the EEG feature of women with preeelampsia. Preeclampsia has a marked effect on the EEGs of women with pregnancy,whereas the severity of preeclampsia has on effect on the EEGs significantly. Preeclampsia maybe has no abnormal effects no the brain structure and function of the newborns if their mothers were treated properly.