重审文艺与政治

Re-observation of Literature and Art and Politics

新中国建立以来的文艺理论研究,不论是前三十年文艺从属于政治以致沦为政治的工具,还是后三十年文艺脱离政治甚至耻谈政治,这两极表现都存在着很大的误区。事实上,政治原本是从伦理问题中引申出来的;只是到了马基雅维里那里才把政治与道德分离,这与马克思主义的政治观是相背离的。今天我们回到政治的原义,把政治与伦理统一起来,把政治意识看作也是一种公民意识,亦即个人作为国家的公民对国家、社会和人民大众的责任意识和使命意识;这不仅说明文艺与政治不是绝缘的,而且也使文艺与政治的关系从他律的化为自律的,强制的化为自愿的,从工具论、从属论化为本体论,使文艺与政治之间达到内在的有机的统一,从而使文艺重新回到关注现实、关注社会、关注人生的正道上来。

Since the founding of new China, the in which literature belongs to politics as a tool, rated from politics, these two trends are quite studies of literary theory, whether the former 30 years or the later 30 years in which literature and art is sepa- wrong. Today, we should come back to the original meaning of politics. Politics must be united with ethics, and the political consciousness is also to be considered as citizen＇s consciousness, i. e. , individual as the citizen of the country should have the consciousness of responsibility and mission for the country, the society and the people. Literature and art are not isolated from politics. There is an internal and organic unity between them, and they should be on the right path of caring about the reality, the society, and human life.