矿山开采非线性沉陷学说初论

Preliminary Discussion on Non-Linear Subsidence in Mining

讨论基于岩体工程属性和矿山开采沉陷本质特征而建立非线性沉陷学说的正确性和可行性；总结了近年来笔者在非线性沉陷问题方面所做的大量实验、现场勘测、研究和取得的成果：采动岩体的非线性破坏特征、开采沉陷的Ｄａｍ ａｇｅ效应、采动岩体分形裂隙网络及演化规律、开采沉陷的协同效应和自组织过程、采动岩体层裂的突变机理、采动断层活化的分形界面效应、地表下沉的“Ｓ”型分形增长规律；提出了建立基于矿山开采非线性沉陷机理。

Based on the engineering character of rock stratum and the essential character of mining subsidence,the reality and feasibility for founding the non-linear subsidence are discussed.The results from investigation,experimentation and observation in aspects of non-linear subsidence are summarized.They are: non-linear chacter of damaged rock mass induced by mining,the damaged effect of mining subsidence,the fractal fracture network of rock mass induced by mining,its regularity of evolution,self-organizational process of mining subsidence,the problems of fracture boundary and fissuring of rock mass induced by mining,mechanism of catastrophe of overburden′s subsidence,the effect of fractal interface on fault activation and the 'S' shaped increase rule of surface subsidence. A forecasting model its countermeasures according to the mechanism and regularity of non-linear mining subsidence are suggested and its theoretical concept is put forward.