我国城镇居民收入不平等变动实证研究——基于收入分布变化分解的视角

An Empirical Study of Changes in Income Inequality on Chinese Urban Residents——From the Perspective of the Decomposition of Changes in Income Distribution

对收入不平等变动研究,目前多数基于对不平等指标的分解,计算结果会因收入数据分组的不同而产生较大差异。本文基于收入分布变化分解的视角,对我国地级市以上城镇居民收入不平等变动进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,收入分布位置变化对于收入分布变化的影响最大,而收入分布形状变化却在一定程度上抵消了这种影响效果,收入分布的其他变化虽有影响,但程度相对较低。收入分布位置变化有助于缓解不平等程度的加剧,而收入分布形状变化则加速不平等程度的恶化,其影响程度对于不同的收入阶层有所不同。本文认为,经济增长是缓解收入不平等恶化的主要原因,而收入分配的改变却在一定程度上加剧了收入不平等。

Study of changes in income inequality, mostly based on the decomposition of inequality indicators, vary greatly due to the different data grouped. This paper researches the causes of changes in income inequality from the perspective of the decomposition of changes in income distribution on Chinese urban residents. The results show that, Location change in income distribution for the overall change affects in the most, the influence of shape change is to some extent offset the effect, and other changes in income distribution have insignificant effect. Location change in income distribution will help ease the worsening degree of inequality, and that shape change in income distribution have accelerated the deterioration of income inequality, but the influences on different income groups vary slightly. According to this paper, economic growth is to alleviate the main reason for the deterioration of income inequality, and changes in income distribution system have to some extent, exacerbated the deterioration of income inequality.