辣椒抗高温多湿生理遗传育种策略

The Physiology, Inheritance and Breeding Strategies of Resistance to High Temperature and humidity in Hot Pepper

辣椒抗逆性鉴定及生理遗传育种的理论、方法与技术已有详尽的研究,但是对辣椒抗高温多湿鉴定及育种策略却少有人涉及。笔者根据前人研究和近几年辣椒育种实践提出了辣椒抗高温多湿鉴定及生理遗传育种策略:①辣椒抗高温多湿鉴定评价必须综合辣椒不同生长发育阶段进行系统评价;②收集抗高温多湿种质资源、拓展遗传基础;③加强抗性亲本的创新研究,组合其优良遗传物质;④加强辣椒物候期研究;⑤采用同一地区创造不同生态条件和不同生态区多点鉴定结合,发挥自然选择与人工选择综合作用,以提高育种效率。

The theory, method and technology of physiology and genetics and breeding in hot pepper resistance have been well studied, but these are few reports on strategies of identification, evaluation and breeding for hot pepper resistance to high temperature and humidity. Based on previous research and authors＇ practices in recent years, this paper indicates that （1） identification and evaluation of hot pepper tolerance to high temperature and humidity should be systematic comprehensive evaluation at different levels, aspects and growth and development stages; （2）germplasm resources of hot pepper resistance to high temperature and humidity should be collected, and their genetic basis should be expanded; （3）researchers should strengthen creation in parent materials with resistance to high temperature and humidity, and study on superior hot pepper genetic material combination; （4）at the same time, researchers should enhance study of hot pepper＇s growing season and phenological phase; and（5） the natural and artificial selection efficiency should be enhanced under diverse ecological environments.