春见橘橙耐贮性及理化性状变化研究

Studies on Storage Properties and Quality Changes of Postharvest Fruits in Okitsu No.44 (Citrus reticulata×C. sinensis)

为了确定春见橘橙的最佳销售时期,提高经济效益,将春见橘橙[(Citrus reticulata×C.sinensis)cv.Okitsu No.44]果实采收后常温贮藏135天,对储藏期的果实单果重、果皮厚度、果汁率,可溶性固形物、酸含量、固酸比、糖酸比,腐果率、果实病害类型等变化规律进行研究。结果表明:春见橘橙贮藏性能较好;糖含量在贮藏75天内呈上升趋势,75天后开始缓慢下降;贮藏90天后单果重较显著下降;可食率和果汁率在贮藏90天内呈上升趋势,随后逐渐呈下降趋势;贮藏期间腐果率呈幂函数变化;青绿霉病是引起果实腐烂的主要病害。贮藏前期(45天)含酸量的大幅降低是导致糖酸比值和固酸比值升高、品质提升的最主要原因;贮藏45天后是较为适宜的食用时期;春见橘橙在采收时并未进入真正的成熟期,翌年1月中旬真正成熟。

To improve economic benefit,the optimal selling period of Okitsu No.44（Citrus reticulata × C.sinensis） was determined by post harvest storage of fruits for 135 days,during which changing laws of fruit weight,pericarp thickness,fruit juice percentage,soluble solids content,acid content,tss-acid ratio,sugar-acid ratio,fruit putrid rate and putrid type were studied,respectively.Result indicated that Okitsu No.44 had better storage performance.Sugar content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing during storage. Fruit weight dropped significantly 90 days post storage. Esculent rate and fruit juice percentage increased with in the first 90 days of storage, while they both dropped gradually 90 days post storage. Fruit putrid rate presented power distribution during storage. Penicillium italicm and P. Digitatum caused fruit putridness mainly during storage. Reduction of acid content was the uppermost reason for tss-acid ratio and sugar-acid ratio increase and quality-improving. Fruits of 45 days post storage were more appropriate for consumption, suggesting that the Okitsu No. 44 fruit did not mature until mid-January the following year.