金融危机背景下的公允价值会计问题研究

Research on Fair Value Accounting Issues under the Circumstance of Subprime Financial Crisis

公允价值会计因被指责具有"顺周期效应"而成为全球注目的焦点。本文论述了顺周期效应的根源,即财务报告与金融监管政策的关联性和次贷产品的复杂性;剖析了当前公允价值会计争论的实质,即金融工具是否应按公允价值计量。文章揭示了金融机构欲在金融工具领域废止公允价值会计、更广泛地应用摊余成本的动机,并在阐述美国金融工具计量实务历史经验的基础上,论证了"将扩大公允价值应用确定为金融工具会计长期目标"的正确性。文章还论述了识别非活跃市场和强迫交易的途径。

Fair value accounting is widely blamed for its procyclicality due to worsening the subprime crisis.This paper addresses the origins of the procyclicality,that is the correlations between financial reporting information and financial regulations.The paper explores the root of the argument about fair value accounting,that is whether financial instruments should be measured by fair value.The paper proves that fair value should be used as the sole basis for financial instruments.The paper also reviews the challenges that fair value accounting will face under the circumstance of non-active markets and puts forwards relevant suggestions.