慈溪市流浪犬狂犬病毒携带状况调查

Study on the Rabies Virus-carrying Status in Stray Dogs in Cixi

目的了解流浪犬狂犬病毒的携带状况,为正确有效控制狂犬病疫情提供依据。方法根据狂犬病疫情分布,用分层采样法,采集相关地区流浪犬犬脑13只,对照家犬犬脑38只,用免疫荧光法、夹心酶联吸附法、小鼠颅内接种试验法及RT-PCR法进行狂犬病毒分离及其抗原检测。结果在流浪犬中发现狂犬病毒株(命名CXs)。流浪犬带毒率7.69%;38只家犬中未检出。CXs与疫苗株和固定毒株的NJ进化树比较,与Wz0(H)株100%同源;与狂犬病毒固定毒株相比,更接近CTN株;是该地区使用的疫苗株。结论慈溪市流浪犬中,带毒率7.69%。CXs与Wz0(H)株100%同源,当前使用的狂犬疫苗用于预防狂犬病是可靠的。提示我们规范养犬、捕杀流浪犬、加强野生动物的预防是我市狂犬病防控工作的重心。

Objective To provide evidence for controlling the prevalence of rabies virus by investigating the rabies virus-carrying status in stray dogs. Methods According to the prevalence of rabies, stratified sampling method was used to collect 13 stray dogs and 38 domestic dogs . assay, sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）, mice intracranial inoculation test and RT-PCR were applied to detect rabies virus. Results Rabies virus named CXs was found in stray dogs with the carrying rate of 7.69%. However, 38 domestic dogs were negative. CXs and Wz0 （H） strains were homologous when CXs and the vaccine strain compared with the NJ phylogenetic tree of the fixed strain. CXs was the vaccine strains used by the region because it was closer to CTN strain comparing with fixed rabies virus strain. Conclusion About 7.69% of stray dogs carry with rabies virus in Cixi. CXs and Wz0（H） strain are absolutely homology, so the current use of rabies vaccine for the prevention of rabies is reliable. It suggests that killing stray dogs as well as strengthening the prevention of wildlife are the work focus for prevention and control of rabies.