略论宋代家训中的“女教”

Analysis of Female Norms in Family Sermon of Song Dynasty

宋代是我国家训发展的重要时期,家训中出现了大量针对女性的训诫——"女教"。宋代"女教"的内容偏重于以儒家纲常伦理去规范女性行为;形式则多种多样以适应不同社会阶层的需要;"女教"一个显著的特征是重亲情、重感情,这使受教者与施教者在情感交流中实现了互动。宋代家训中的"女教"反映了宋代两性关系上男性的话语主导权,宋儒借此成功地塑造了宋代女性,完成了儒家伦理对家庭的渗透。

Song Dynasty was an important development period for the family sermon in Chinese history. There were a lot of sermon about female norms in family sermon. The content of Female norms in Song Dynasty paid attention to use Confucianism to control female behavior. The form was various to suit different needs. Its obvious character was the recognition of family relationship which made the mutual emotive communication between the educated objects and the educators. Female Norms in Song Dynasty reflected the male domination in gender relationship which helped Confucian build the female image successively and finished the penetration of ethics into family.