乌兰布和沙地新开发人工绿洲土地优化结构评价

EVALUATLON ON OPTIMIZATION STRUCTURE OF NEW EXPLOITED OASES IN ULANBH SANDY LAND

采用灰色系统关联分析方法对开发区进行土地优化结构评价，结果表明：①在林—农生产系统中，农作物的选择是提高土地资源转化率和经济效益的基本条件。瓜类作物收益高于粮食作物，瓜类作物平均收益为５０３２．９４元／（ｈｍ２·ａ）；粮食作物平均为２４８０．４０元／（ｈｍ２·ａ），前者是后者的２．０３倍。种植番茄和甜菜可获得较高的经济效益，其收益分别为５０７０．００元／（ｈｍ２·ａ）和４０９５．００元／（ｈｍ２·ａ）。②小麦套种玉米收益比单种小麦和玉米分别提高３７．０％和２２．２％；１粮＋复种结构的经济效益比套种结构平均提高７３．７５％。③试区各类用地不尽合理，防护林、经济林、人工草场、农地所占比例分别是：４９．５％、１１．９％、３．５％、３５．１％。根据该地区的总体规划和当地的约束条件，各类用地比例应分别调整为２８．５２％、１２．１１％、３３．０６％、２６．３２％。调整后人均年产值可达９２０８．９４元。

The paper evaluated optmization structure of new exploited oases in the Ulanbh Sandy Land by means of grey rerelated analytical method. The results showed that:(1)Crops have different transformation rates of land resources and economic benefits. The profit of melon is higher than cereal crops,The average profit of melon crops was 5032.94 Yuan(RMB)/hm 2·a and the cereal crops was 2480.40 RMB/hm 2·a. Tomato and beet can obtain fairly high economic benefits and the profits were 5070 and 4095 RMB/hm 2·a respectively.(2)The wheat interplanting maize increasese yields by 37.0 and 22.2% respectively compared with wheat and maize alone;The economic benefits of interplanting can averagely increases 73.75%.(3)The present proportions of lands occupied by shelterbelts, economic-forests, artificial pastures and farmland were 49.5%,11.9%,3.5%,and 35.1% respectively, however,the suggested proportions should be 28.52,12.11,33.06, and 26.32% respectively.The annual output value of per person may reach 9208,94 RMB after regulation.