发达国家典型雨洪管理体系及启示

Typical Stormwater and Flood Management Systems in Developed Countries and Their Inspiration

针对我国城市发展中传统的雨水处置方式与水资源、水循环系统、生态环境等方面存在的突出问题,简要地梳理了发达国家近20年来不断完善和发展的一些典型的雨洪管理理念和相关体系。比较分析了这些体系的特点,总结了发达国家及我国在城市发展中形成的新的雨洪管理理念、管理经验和科研成果,提出应通过系统研究尽快建立与资源节约、环境友好型城市相适应的现代城市雨洪控制利用科技与管理体系,为构建科学的城市水环境治理模式和良性的水循环系统提供新的支撑,为解决我国城市化过程中暴露的水资源、水环境和生态方面的严重问题少走弯路,降低快速城市化付出的环境和生态代价。

In view of the serious issues of the traditional way to dispose stormwater, water resources, water cycle system and ecological environment in the process of urban development in China, some typical stormwater and flood management concepts and related systems that have been improved and developed in developed countries in recent years were sorted out. The characteristics and revelation of these systems were compared and analyzed. The new stormwater and flood management concepts formed in the process of urban development in developed countries and China as well as the management experience and technological achievements were summed up. Through systematic researches, an integrative technology and management system of the modem urban stormwater and flood control and utilization that adapts to the resourcesaving and environment-friendly cities should be established as soon as possible in China, in order to provide a new support system to build a scientific mode of the urban water environment renovation and healthy water cycle, to alleviate the serious problems of the water resources, water environment and ecological aspects, and to reduce the costs of environment and ecology in rapid urbanization.