内可逆正反向两热源循环复杂传热规律下的优化关系

OPTIMAL RELATIONS OF ENDOREVERSIBLE TWO-HEAT-RESERVOIR DIRECT AND INVERSE CYCLES WITH COMPLEX HEAT TRANSFER LAW

考虑内可逆正反向两热源循环中工质与热源之间的传热服从复杂规律q∝(△T^n)~m(包括了牛顿传热规律、线性唯象传热规律、辐射传热规律、Dulong-Petit传热规律、广义对流传热规律和广义辐射传热规律),导出内可逆卡诺热机功率与效率、内可逆卡诺制冷机制冷率与制冷系数和内可逆卡诺热泵供热率与供热系数间的基本优化关系特性。该文结果具有一定普适性和包容性,对实际热机、制冷机和热泵的设计工作有一定理论指导作用。

The fundamental optimal relation between the power output and efficiency of endoreversible Camot heat engine, the fundamental optimal relation between the cooling load and COP （coefficient of performance） of endoreversible Camot refrigerator, and the fundamental optimal relation between the heating load and COP of endoreversible Carnot heat pump were derived based on a complex heat transfer law between the working fluid and the heat reservoirs of endoreversible direct and inverse two-heat-reservoir cycles, q ∝ （△ T ^n）^m. The obtained results include those obtained in recent literatures and can provide some theoretical guidelines for the designs of real heat engines, refrigerators and heat pumps.