土壤微生物降解多环芳烃菲的研究进展

Research Progresses of Phenanthrene-Degrading Bacteria in Soil

菲在多环芳烃(PAHs)家族中危害小,且兼具有PAHs共同的结构特点,因此,菲成为PAHs降解研究中的模式化合物。本文着重介绍了土壤中菲降解菌的原位筛选和鉴定技术,荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)和稳定同位素探针技术(stable lsotopic probing,SIP)。总结了不同菲降解菌对于菲的一般代谢途径。在此基础上,结合本人的科研实践,综述了目前对于参与菲降解过程中酶和基因研究的进展,特别是Rieske型氧化酶系统(Rieske oxygenase,RO)的研究。同时指出目前研究中存在的高通量原位筛选、基因调控研究等方面的不足,旨在为开展土壤微生物降解PAHs提供参考。

Phenanthrene is considered as a model compound in the study of poly-aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）,since its lower risk for human health and its classical structure as one member of PAHs family. This paper emphasizes the progress of in situ selecting and identifying bacteria,which enable to biodegrade phenanthrene in soil. Fluorescence in situ Hybridization （FISH）and Stable Isotopic Probing （SIP）are introduced for this purpose. A general metabolism pathway for phenanthrene by soil bacteria is summarized. Enzymes,especially Rieske oxygenase （RO）, and genes that are supposed to be involved in this biodegradation pathway are also generalized. Meanwhile, this paper points out the insufficiencies in the studies of high-flux in situ identification of phenanthrene-degrading bacteria, gene regulation, etc.