中国东南沿海发展煤制天然气的可行性

Feasibilities of building synthetic natural gas(SNG) plants in the coast of Southeast China

随着近年来煤制天然气(SNG)技术的发展,国内呈现出积极开发SNG项目的热潮,但输送距离成为坑口建厂模式与天然气市场之间的巨大沟壑。通过在西部煤矿坑口建厂与在东南沿海地区建设SNG工厂的技术与经济可行性分析,认为沿海SNG工厂在价格和风险承受等方面更富竞争力,同时对于东南沿海地区掌握自主气源的意义重大。尤其对于国内石油公司而言,SNG相比在沿海建设的液化天然气项目,是一种更为可靠的资源和价格对冲工具,而且沿海SNG项目在获取煤炭资源方式上有更多的灵活性。在提高经济性方面,资源与运输费用的长期锁定、褐煤的坑口提质处理都是必要的,但在污染物排放、废水处理及废渣利用方面,应进行审慎的风险评估和措施论证,确保其成为受欢迎的新型能源项目。

With the soaring price of petroleum and natural gas in recent years and the technology development of synthetic natural gas,the synthetic natural gas(SNG) industry springs up once more with the trend of many SNG projects in China.Nevertheless the transportation distance is still being the huge ravine between the SNG plant in coal pithead and the gas market.Through comparing the SNG plants built in the littoral of Southeast China with those in coal pithead in West China,this paper analyzed the feasibility in terms of technique and economic performance and concluded that the former is much more competitive either in price or in risk bearings and means so much for the littoral of Southeast China to have their independent right in gas source.Especially for those domestic oil companies,the SNG project provides a more reliable energy source and a more useful offset method if the energy price changes,and is also more convenient to acquire the coal in many ways comparing with the LNG project in the littoral of Southeast China.To further mitigate the risks and enhance the economy,it is necessary for the SNG operators to get the fixed price of energy and transportation by a long-term contract and even to demand a higher quality of the coal from the pithead.Before site selection and technical means adoption of building a SNG plant,risk evaluation and proof demonstration should be made carefully on many factors such as the pollutant emission,waste water treatment and the recovery of waste residue,and so on,so that the SNG project will provide the users a real new acceptable energy source at the coast of Southeast China.