黑龙江省达斡尔族鄂伦春族音乐的田野调查和研究

The Fieldwork Studies of Daur and Oroqen music in Heilongjiang province,China

作者阐述在中国黑龙江省达斡尔和鄂伦春族地区作田野调查时遇见的几种歌曲形式,对其曲调结构、音色和唱法作了分析。达斡尔民歌扎恩德勒既使用二拍子,也使用三拍子。扎恩德勒的三拍子类型和雅德根的散拍子特征是东北各省音乐中普遍的特征。文章解释了用古老的扎恩德勒曲调创作的歌曲,分析了萨满歌曲(例如达斡尔族的雅德根)和鄂伦春族的说唱音乐莫尔苏昆(包括歌词的读法),以确定萨满或民歌曲调对其他曲调的影响。

The authors introduced several kinds of songs of the Daur and Oroqen ethnic groups encountered during the course of field work conducted in Heilongjiang province, and analyzed the musical form, timbre and the method of singing of these songs. Zhaendale, a kind of Daur＇s folk song, utilizes triple rhythms along with double rhythmic structures. The triple rhythmic pattern in Zhaendale and the free rhythmic feature of Yadegen are musical characteristics common in the northeast provinces. The authors also explained the creative songs based on old Zhaendale melodies and analyzed Shaman songs such as the Yadegen of the Daur, and the Morsukun narrative songs of the Oroqen, including text reading, in order to determine the influence of intonation on the melodies of shaman songs or folksongs.