应用四膜虫刺泡发射试验方法评价金属离子的毒性

Toxicity of metal ions evaluated with tricocyst test of Tetrahymena pyriformis.

应用致突变阴性、阳性对照（Ｃｕ２＋，Ｃｒ２Ｏ２－４，Ｃｄ２＋，丝裂霉素ＭＭＣ，环磷酰胺ＣＰ，秋水仙素Ｃｏｌｃｈｉｃｉｎｅ）评价四膜虫刺泡发射实验方法的可行性，并应用该方法检测稀土金属离子Ｌａ３＋，Ｃｅ３＋，Ｓｍ３＋，Ｙ３＋，Ｇｄ３＋对四膜虫刺泡发射的影响效应。结果表明，由于细胞毒性引起阳性对照最高浓度组刺泡发射率比低浓度组低外，其它处理浓度与刺泡发射率呈现良好的相关性。四膜虫刺泡发射试验不需加活性酶，是一种值得推荐的快速、简便、可靠的水生生物短期测试方法。稀土金属离子Ｌａ３＋，Ｃｅ３＋，Ｓｍ３＋，Ｙ３＋，Ｇｄ３＋处理四膜虫的刺泡发射率同样具有随浓度升高而增加的趋势，但在低浓度处理组各检测时间内四膜虫刺泡发射率低于对照组，该结果与稀土低浓度时的刺激效应和抗突变性不无相关。

Feasibility of tricocyst test with Tetrahymena pyriformis were evaluated by serial chemicals (Cu 2+ , Cr 2O 2 4,Cd 2+ ,MMC, CP, Colchicine). There is no significant difference between control and treated groups with negative chemical (Cu 2+ ). Except at the highest concentration the frequency of tricocyst decrease for the cytotoxicity, it shows good relations to the concentrations of positive chemicals (Cr 2O 2 , Cd 2+ , MMC, CP). The results show that tricocyst test of Tetrahymena pyriformis is a recommendable, handy, and reliable method for biomonitoring with freshwater species. After treated with the REE ions La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Sm 3+ , Y 3+ , Gd 3+ , the frequency of tricocyst also become higher as the cocentrations higher. But at low concentrations, the lower frequency than control are observed.It is considered that this effect concerned with the stimulation growth response at low REE concentrations.