短暂性脑缺血发作定义的演变

The evolution of the definition of transient ischemic attack

近年来，对短暂性脑缺血发作（transient ischemic attack，TIA）的定义、病因、诊断和治疗有了许多新的认识。最新的观点认为，TIA是由脑、脊髓或视网膜局灶性缺血引起的短暂性神经功能障碍，且尤急性脑梗死证据。症状持续时间不再是关键，是否存在梗死才是区别TIA与缺血性卒中的关键，因此强调神经影像学在TIA诊断方面的重要性。TIA作为一种神经科急症，要求对其危险程度进行分层评价，并进行积极干预。

In recent years, there are many new understandings in the definition, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of transient ischernic attack （TIA）. The latest viewpoint considers that TIA is a transient episode of neurological dysfunction caused by brain, spinal cord or focal retinal ischemia, without the evidence of acute infarction. The duration of TIA is no longer the key factor, whether the existence of infarction or not is the key factor in the differentiation of TIA and ischemic stroke. Therefore, it should emphasize the importance of neuroimaging in the diagnosis of TIA. As a neurological emergency, the risk level of TIA should be stratified and evaluated, and the active interventions should be performed.