4[3]Schrelle JF, Adamson GM, Graise PA, et al. Skin disorders and moisture in incontinent nursing home residents: interrention implications. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1997, 45(10) : 1184-1188.
5Ruo L,Guillem JG.Major 20th-century advances in the management of rectal cancer.Dis Colon Rectum,1999,42(5):563-578.
6Lavery IC,Lopez-Kostner F,Fazio VW,et al.Chances of cure are not compromised with sphincter-saving procedures for cancer of the lower third of the rectum.Surgery,1997,122(4):779-784.
7Berger A,Tiret E,Cunningham C,et al.Rectal excision and colonic pouch-anal anastomosis for rectal cancer.Dis Colon Rectum,1999,42(10):1265-1271.
8Gamagami RA,Liagre A,Chiotasso P,et al.Coloanal anastomosis for distal third rectal cancer.Dis Colon Rectum,1999,42(10):1272-1275.
9Saito N,Ono M,Sugito M,et al.Early results of intersphincteric resection for patients with very low rectal cancer:an active approach to avoid a perminant colostomy.Dis Colon Rectum,2004,47(4):459-466.
10Hida J,Yoshifuji T,Tokoro T,et al.Comparison of long-term functional results of colonic J-pouch and straight anastomosis after low anterior resection for rectal cancer:a five-year follow-up.Dis Colon Rectum,2004,47(10):1578-1585.
2WHO. The development of the WHO quality of life assessment instrument. Geneva : WHO, 1993.
3Schipper H, Clinch J, McMurray A, et al. Measuring the quality of life of cancer patients: the functional living index-cancer: development and validation. J Clin Onco1,1984,2: 472-483.
4Cella DF,Tulsky DS, Gray G, et al. The functional assessment of cancer therapy scale: development and validation of the general measure. J Clin Onco1,1993,11:570-579.
5Krouse RS, Herrinton LJ, Grant M, et al. Health-related quality of life among long-term rectal cancer survivors with an ostomy: manifestations by sex. J Clin 0ncol,2009,27:4664-4670.
6Wilson TR, Alexander DJ. Clinical and non-clinical factors influencing postoperative health-related quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer. Br J Surg,2008 ,95 :1408-1415.
8Baldwin CM, Grant M, Wendel C, et al. Gender differences in sleep disruption and fatigue on quality of life among persons with ostomies. J Clin Sleep Med,2009,5:335-343.
9Schmidt C, Daun A, Malchow B, et al. Sexual impairment and its effects on quality of life in patients with rectal cancer. Dtsch Arztebl Int ,2010,107 : 123-130.
10Siassi M,Weiss M, Hohenberger W, et al. Personality rather than clinical variables determines quality of life after major colorectal surgery. Dis Colon Rectum,2009,52:6624568.