基于舒适性及道路友好性的拖挂车辆悬架参数优化方法

Optimization method of suspension parameters for articulated vehicle based on ride comfort and road-friendliness

为了分析悬架系统对车辆舒适性和道路友好性的影响和选择合理的车辆悬架参数,建立了七自由度的四轴拖挂车辆动力学模型。以拖车车身垂向加速度和各轴轮胎对路面的动作用力为目标函数,通过统一目标函数法,对拖挂车辆的各悬架参数进行多目标优化设计。优化后,拖车车身垂向加速度下降了21.43%,对路面具有最大作用力的拖车后轮的动载力减小了17.72%。优化结果表明:合理选择拖挂车辆悬架参数不但可保证车辆行驶的舒适性,而且还能明显减小重载车辆对路面的动作用力,减轻对路面的损伤。

In order to investigate the influence of articulated vehicle＇s suspension system on ride comfort and road-friendliness and reasonably choose suspension parameters, a 7D dynamics model of 4-axle articulated vehicle was established. Taking the vertical acceleration of tractor and the dynamic load of every axle as object functions, a multi-objective optimization method of articulated vehicle＇s suspension parameters was put forward based on unified objective function method. After the optimization, tractor＇s vertical acceleration decreases by 21. 43% and the maximal dynamic load of tractor＇s rear tire decreases by 17. 72%. It is shown that using reasonable suspension parameters not only improves vehicle＇s ride comfort, but also reduces the dynamic load of truck acting on the road. 3 tabs, 5 figs, 14 refs.