火箭助推器在空间中对雷达观测的影响

Influence of rocket booster on radar observation in space

针对运载火箭二级助推器及分离时产生的大的碎片对雷达观测可能造成的影响,阐述了雷达成像重叠轨道的概念,分析了雷达部署位置与火箭载荷轨道面的相对关系,雷达成像重叠轨道(RO IO)在空间中的确定方法,地球旋转及助推器飞行中的轨道突变对RO IO确定的影响等.仿真结果表明,RO IO的确定取决于雷达与目标轨道面的关系及对目标轨道的观测范围,且地球自转对确定RO IO的影响很小,而助推器的轨道突变则可能加剧RO IO对雷达观测的影响.最后就如何避免RO IO对目标轨道确定所造成的干扰提出一些建议.

Aimed at the possible influence of Rocket 2nd booster or debris （i. e. , by-product of the separation） on radar observation, the concept of radar overlapped image orbit （ROIO） is introduced. The geometric relationship between the radar location and the trajectory plane is described, the orbit determination method of ROIO in space is proposed, and influences of the earth rotation and orbit maneuver on the determination of ROIO are analyzed. Simulation results indicate that ROIOs are determined by the geometric relationship between radar location and trajectory plane, as well as the observation region. The earth rotation has little influence on the determination of ROIO. The orbit maneuver of booster will increase the influence of ROIO on radar observation. Some recommendations are p＇resented on avoidance of the effect of ROIOs on the determination of the target＇ s orbit.