不同柱头颜色向日葵三系亲和力研究

Studies on the Compatibility of Sunflower's Three-lines with Different Stigma Color

目的:为选育优质高产向日葵新品种及向日葵柱头颜色遗传规律研究提供依据。方法:以4种柱头颜色典型的食用向日葵亲本材料为试材,通过连续两年正反交试验,研究不同柱头颜色向日葵亲本传粉效应及亲和效应。结果:在相同的授粉条件下,4种柱头颜色向日葵自交系自交后柱头存活时间及结实率无明显变化,然而自然异交后两者均有明显差异。自交系间花粉数量(N)变化同样明显;三系杂交表现为亲本柱头颜色相差越大,A系柱头存活时间越短;传粉效应(C1)表现为C1黄<C1红<C1紫<C1黒紫,亲和效应(C2)表现为双亲颜色相差越大,C2越大。结论:柱头颜色在影响结实率的诸多因素中有积极作用,且与亲本的传粉效应及亲和效应存在相关性。

Objective：the aim of this study was to provide the basis for breeding new sunflower species with high yield and fine quality and studying on hereditary regularity of stigma color on sunflower. Method：using the parent materials of edible sunflower with four typical different stigma colors to study on the pollination efficiency and compatibility efficiency of sunflower parents with different stigma colors through the experiments of reciprocal cross for continuous two years. Result：under the same pollination situation, the living-time and setting percentage of inbred lines with different stigma colors did not vary distinctly after serf-pollination, while altered evidently after cross fertilization, and the pollen amount of four stigma colors changed obviously, too. The greater stigma＇ s color of parents differ from each other, the shorter the living-time of stigma after cross-fertilize; the pollination efficiency （ C 1 ） was C 1 黄 〈 C 1 红 〈 C 1 紫 〈 C 1 黑紫, compatibility efficiency （ C 2） was the more distant the parents color differed from, the greater C 2. Conclusion： the stigma colors was a positive factor among other factors which influence the seed-setting rate and had relativity with pollination efficiency and compatibility efficiency of parents.