我国少数民族地区农村养老问题与路径探析——基于中南部部分少数民族地区的调查

Analysis of the Way to Rural Supporting Problem in Minority Areas of China——Investigation Based on Partial Minority Areas in South-Central China

当前,我国少数民族农村地区的传统养老模式正面临着挑战,表现在:一方面,农村家庭养老的成本不断上升;另一方面,老年居民受到家庭成员的关心照料正逐步缩减;这反映了少数民族农村地区以家庭为主要形式的传统养老保障已不能完全解决老年居民的赡养问题。适应于少数民族农村地区养老保障的路径在于:在延续家庭养老功能的基础上,逐步建立社会养老体系,尤其是积极开发农村社区养老的功能。新型农村养老保障事业须在政府的政策指导、财政支持、行政监督下进行,为此,民族自治政府应有效履行其所担负的公共责任。

Currently, the traditional endowment pattern in minority rural areas of China is facing a challenge, it manifests as follows, on the one hand, the cost of rural family support for the elderly is rising constantly; on the other hand, the concern and tendanee to old residents from their family members are reducing gradually; these reflect the traditional old-age seeurity in minority rural areas which based on the family model can not solve the elderly support problem completely. The suitable way for old-age security in minority rural areas is, on the basis of continuing the family support for elderly, establishing a social endowment system gradually, especially develop the function of rural community endowment in an active way. New rural old-age security business should be carried through by the government＇ s policy guidance, financial support and administrative supervision, therefore, the minority autonomous govemments should fulfill their public responsibility efficiently.