玛纳斯河流域草地资源变化及其对生态环境的影响

Change of Grassland Resource and Its Effects on Ecological Environment in Manasi River Watershed

通过利用1980年、1990年、2000年和2005年四期的遥感影像和数据对玛纳斯河流域草地资源的变化情况进行分析,结果表明:流域内草地面积减少,覆被度降低、牧草产量下降、种群退化和种类减少的趋势明显,并对流域内的生态环境造成了不利影响。为此,退耕还草,改革草场管理体制、改良建设草地、优化畜群品种结构、加大草地投入是加强草地资源建设,是实现流域生态重建的有效措施。

This paper studied the change of grassland resource in Manasi River Watershed by using the remote images in 1980,1990,2000 and 2005. The results showed that the tendency of grassland reduction,coverage rate declination, herbage yield fall, plant community deterioration and variety decrease were obvious, and have effected the ecological environment of watershed. Therefore, the efficacious countermeasures for ecological re-construction of watershed are to reform the management system of grassland, improve and construct the grassland, optimize the structure of livestock variety, increase the investment.