自发性高血压大鼠高血压进展期肠系膜动脉的超微结构变化

Ultrastructural Changes in the Mesenteric Arteries in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats during the Developing Stage of Hypertension

用半薄和超薄切片方法,研究24周龄自发性高血压大鼠肠系膜动脉超微结构变化。结果显示,在肌性小动脉中,内弹性膜崩解,中膜平滑肌细胞（SMC）小灶性坏死,其周围肥大的SMC外形轮廓不规则,显示许多突起和凹入,细胞外基质增多而使细胞间隙显著增宽;在较细的动脉中,许多SMC胞浆出现严重的空泡状变化和残存小体增多,少数细胞内出现局灶性胞浆溶解和细胞坏死。这些变化可能是动脉硬化前期重要的病变特征,也是高血压时动脉破裂出血的重要因素。

The morphological changes of the mesenteric arteries in 24-week-old spontaneonsly hypertensive rats (SHR) were studied by light and electron microscopy. The results indicated that in muscular small arteries, there were lysis of the internal elastic lamina and minimal focal necrosis of the smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the media; hypertrophic SMCs in the media were found to be irregular in profile with many projections and invagina-tions and increased volume of the extracellular matrix contributed to the widening of the intercellular space. In the arterioles numerous SMCs in the media had severely vacuolated changes with increase of residual bodies and a few revealed focal cytoplasmic lysis and necrosis. The above changes may be the important morphological features at the pre-arteriosclerotic phase and the causes of arterial rupture and hemorrhage in hypertension.