物理方法用于局部麻醉药快速透皮给药的研究进展

The status of rapid transdermal delivery of local anesthetic by physical methods

各种皮肤侵入性操作需要麻醉，而伴随局麻药的皮下浸润，神经阻滞或者硬膜外给药，会产生与其本身镇痛效能相反的不适感。因此，临床上需要能够快速的透过皮肤并产生镇痛效能的局麻药透皮给药体系来减轻侵入性操作所带来的不适。现有的局麻药透皮给药产品包括：恩纳乳膏，Lidoderm，Lidosite，SonoPrep^TM和Synera^TM等，其中一些使用了物理方法辅助透皮给药，能缩短起效时间，有一定镇痛效能。现就物理方法辅助局麻药透皮的现状作一综述。

With the administration of lidocaine, the discomfort caused by injection is counterproductive to the effect of pain relief. Rapid local transdermal anesthetic is desirable to avoid the pain caused by invasive procedures. Transdermal lidocaine products such as EMLA cream and Lidoderm, Lidosite, SonoPrep^TM, and Synera^TM are commercially available. The physical methods are used in these products. They could shorten the onset time and relief the pain at certain extent. This review summarizes mechanisms and applications of rapid transdermal delivery of local anesthetic by physical methods.