青老年股骨颈骨折内固定物的生物力学对比实验研究

BIOMECHANIC COMPARATIVE STUDY ON FIXATORS OF FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE IN YOUNG AND OLD PATIENTS

股骨颈骨折为常见病、多发病,目前的内固定方法已近80种,但尚无一种被公认为最理想的.该文应用双爆光激光散斑干涉法(简称散斑法)和加载目测法,从生物力学角度,比较了有一定代表性的三种内固定方法——三刃钉、加压螺纹钉和三根细螺纹针对24具新鲜青、老年人尸体股骨颈骨折的固定效果.结果:三刃钉和加压钉由于在进针部位、角度和在骨内的应力分布特点较接近,故固定效果好.多根螺纹针对抗骨折面间剪力和旋转作用效果较好.结论:结果提示不同年龄病人应选用不同的内固定方法,骨质疏松的高龄病人应慎用加压内固定装置.

This paper presents a study on caderic tenure using double exposure of laser spockel photography, double exposure of laser holography, stringauge technique and macroscopy to mea-sure the proximal part of the femur. The efficacy of three commonly used methods of osteosyn-theses was compared. The results were as follows. Each of the internal fixation had its merits and demerits. Fixation with multiple pins was firm in withstanding rotational and shear displace-ment, but poor nin withstanding separation displacement. Fixation with a Smith-Petersen nail or a compressive screw nail was just the opposite. The current optic measure technique was shown to be invaluable in research work on the biomechanics of the bone. In summary, fixation with multiple pins was superior to that with Smith-Petersen nails or compressive screw nails