2009年全国血吸虫病疫情预警分析报告

Forecast on transmission foci of schistosomiasis japonica in China,2009

目的掌握我国血吸虫病流行变化趋势与规律，为2009年血吸虫感染高危地区提供预警信息。方法收集2009年80个国家级监测点及36个综合防治试点钉螺解剖数据进行预警分析，并结合2007～2008年监测点和综合防治试点人群、家畜病情资料进行比较。结果2009年感染性钉螺与2007～2008年分布基本一致，主要分布于江西省的鄱阳湖西南岸疫区以及湖南、湖北省的洞庭湖及长江沿岸的部分疫区。2008年人群感染率为0．67％，较2007年的0．92％有所下降，其中湖南、湖北及江西3省仍有大部分疫区村人群感染率〉1％。2008年家畜感染率为1．62％，较2007年的2．90％有所下降，其中湖南、湖北及江西3省仍有部分疫区村家畜感染率〉3％。结论鄱阳湖西南岸以及洞庭湖和长江沿岸的部分疫区感染螺分布集中，人群和家畜感染率总体呈下降趋势，但湖南、湖北及江西3省部分疫区疫情仍处于较高水平。

Objective To understand the status and trends of schistosomiasis japonica transmission, and provide forecast information on transmission foci of Schistosoma japonicum in high-endemic areas of China in 2009. Methods The forecast analysis was performed based on the data of infected Oncomelania snails collected from 80 national surveillance villages and 36 integrated intervention villages in 2009, and the data of S. japonicum infections both in residents and domestic animals for the comparison. Results The distribution of Oncomelania snails infected with S. japnicum in 2009 was generally in consistence with those in 2007 and 2008, and those infected snails were focally distributed in the southwest of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province, and in some areas around Dongting Lake or along the Yangtze River in Hunan and Hubei provinces. The infection rate of S. japonicum in residents decreased from 0.92% in 2007 to 0.67% in 2008, but the majority of endemic villages in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces were at a high level with their human infection rates higher than 1%. The S. japonicum infection rate of domestic animals decreased from 2.90% in 2007 to 1. 62% in 2008, while the majority of endemic villages in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces were still at a higher level with their animal infection rates over 3%. Conclusions The transmission foci with higher infection rate of Oncomelania snails mainly distributes in the southwest of Poyang Lake, and in some areas around Dongting Lake or along the Yangtze River. The infection rates of S. japonicum both in human and animals are still higher in some areas of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces although the infection rate decreased generally in recent years.