文学理论的西学东渐——本间久雄《文学概论》的西学渊源考

Western Origins of Hisao Honma’s Introduction to Literature:A Case Study of West-East Theory Travel in Early 20th Century

田汉的《文学概论》被公认是本间久雄《文学概论》的简要摹写，但后者也非自己独创，而是对温切斯特的《文学批评原理》和哈德森的《文学研究入门》两部西方著作进行借鉴、挪用以及融会的产物。通过考辨本间久雄《文学概论》的西学渊源，本文意图表明：第一，由编译、改写、挪用等手段构成的拿来主义是20世纪初中日知识界吸收西方知识的共同手段，“《摩罗诗力说》”现象不独为中国特色，日本知识界实在是始作俑者；第二，由“从温切斯特／哈德森到本间久雄再到田汉”所代表的理论旅行路线，构成了20世纪初文艺理论西学东渐的路径之一，因此也是我们考察中国现代文艺理论以及文艺学之发生所必须关注的问题。

Tian Han＇s Introduction to Literary Theory is a simplified rewriting of Introduction to Literary Theory by Hisao Honma. However, Hisao Honma＇s unacknowledged appropriation of C.T.Winchester＇s Some Principles of Literary Criticism and W.H.Hudson＇s An Introduction to the Study of Literature has not come under critical scrutiny either in China or in Japan. The paper is to reveal that translation, rewriting and appropriation were practiced in both China and Japan in the course of importing western learning in early 20th century and that the itinerary of ＂West-Japan-China＂ constitutes one of the main routes of literary theory travel at that time and is accordingly worth study in mapping the genesis and formation of modem Chinese literary theory.