重庆小麦品种(系)的高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成分析

Analysis of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits(HMW-GS) in Wheat Varieties in Chongqing

为了解重庆小麦的品质遗传基础，采用SDS-PAGE技术对重庆小麦推广品种和主要育种亲本共35份材料的HMW-GS组成和变异进行了分析．结果表明：参试材料Glu-1位点具有较为丰富的遗传变异，并检测到14种亚基类型和19种亚基组合类型．Glu-A1位点检测到2种亚基（1，null），其中null占82．86％；Glu-B1位点检测到9种亚基（7＋8，7＋9，7，22，6＋8，14＋15，17＋18，20，8），其中以7＋8，7＋9出现的频率最高；Glu-D1位点检测到3种亚基（2＋12，5＋10，4＋12），其中5＋10占57．14％；参试材料中检测到与烘烤品质相关的优质亚基．参试材料的品质评分在4～10分之间，平均分为6．49分．在重庆市的7个小麦推广品种中，检测到6种亚基组合类型，品质评分平均为6．86分．

In order to provide basic materials for improving wheat quality, the composition and variation of high molecular weight glutenin subunit （HMW-GS） controlled by the Glu-1 of 35 commercialized varieties and backbone parental materials were analyzed using the method of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE）. A fairly high level of genetic variation at Glu-1 locus was observed, 14 different alleles were identified at the Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 loci, respectively, and 19 combination types were observed. Two allelic variations, the subunits 1 and null, with frequencies of 17.14% and 82.86%, respectively, were detected at Glu-A1. Nine allelic variations were detected at Glu-B1, i.e. 7＋ 8, 7＋9, 7, 22, 6＋8, 14＋15, 17＋18, 20 and 8, in which 7＋8 and 7＋9 were the two major types. Three allelic variations, the subunits 2＋12, 5＋10 and 4＋12, with frequencies of 40%, 57.14% and 2.86%, respectively, were detected at Glu-D1. Some good quality subunits existed in the studied materials. The mean quality score of the materials was 6.49, ranging from 4 to 10. Six subunit composition patterns were observed in the 7 commercialized varieties tested, whose mean quality score was 6.86.