蒙古族女生月经初潮年龄20年变化趋势及影响因素分析

Trend and Influencing Factors of Menarche Age in Mongolian Students During 1985-2005

目的了解蒙古族女生月经初潮年龄20a变化趋势及影响因素,为学生青春期健康教育提供参考。方法对2005年7～18岁蒙古族学生的体质调研资料与1985年调查资料进行对比分析。采用概率单位回归法及Logistic回归分析法,进行月经初潮平均年龄及性发育与影响因素的分析。结果20a间,蒙古族女生月经初潮平均年龄城、乡分别提前0.87岁与1.36岁,平均每10a分别提前0.44岁和0.68岁。蒙、汉族之间月经初潮年龄差别在乡村相差0.60岁(P<0.05)。城市女生月经初潮年龄与年龄、身高及维尔维克指数3个因素相关;乡村女生月经初潮年龄与年龄、身高、握力及维尔维克指数4个因素相关。结论蒙古族学生月经初潮年龄与形态和力量因素关系密切。蒙古族城乡女生月经初潮均呈提前趋势,提示青春期健康教育应适时提前。

Objective To analyze the 20-year trend and influencing factors of menarche age in Mongolian students, and to provide suggestions and intervention measures for sex education. Methods Using the health investigation data from 7 - 18 years-old Mongolian students in 2005 and 1985 for comparative analysis. Prabit analysis and multiple regressions analysis were used to calculate average menarche age and analyze influencin factors of sexual development. Results Comparing with 1985, the average menarche age of Mongolian girls in 2005 was 0.87 year earlier-in urba areas and 1.36 year earlier in rural areas. Averagely, 0.44 and 0.68 year earlier per ten years in urban and rural areas, respectively. The menarche age of Mongolian girls was 0.60 year earlier than Han girls in rural areas （P 〈 0.05 ）. The menarche age was significantly related with age, height and Verweck index in urban areas, and related with age, height, grip and Verweck index in rural areas. Conclusions The menarehe age was elosely related with body constitution and strength in Mongolian students. The menarche age shows an advance tendency in girls of Inner Mongolia, which suggested sex education should be conducted in advance.