儒家仁爱思想中情感逻辑的悖论分析

On the Paradox of the Emotional Logic in the Thought of Confucian Benevolence

儒家的"仁爱"思想中蕴涵了极为丰富的情感因素,随着"仁爱"思想的发展,诸多儒家代表人物提出了大量极具情感色彩的经典命题。从孔子的"仁者爱人",到孟子的"仁民爱物",再到张载的"民胞物与"和二程的"万物一体",儒家仁爱思想的情感视域也得到了不断的拓展。仁爱的施予从人走向物,仁爱的性质从伦理走向生态,这便构成了这种情感逻辑的基本线条。但是,这种"仁爱"思想的情感在施与的过程中却产生了问题。尤其是在处理人与自然的关系的时候,我们会遭遇到一个仿佛不可克服的悖论。对于这个悖论的两极,我们只能通过实践来达到一种动态的平衡。

The benevolence thought of Confucian contains many factors with rich emotion. With the development of the benevolence thought, they had put forward many classical propositions embracing strong emotional color. From Confucius＇ Those who are benevolence love others, to Mencius＇ Benevolence to people and love to all nature, to Zhang-Zai＇s All people are my brothers, and all nature is thought in our breed, and Cheng brothers＇ All nature is a whole body, the emotional field of Confucian benevolence thought was enlarged continuously. The benevolence is given form human being to all nature; the quality of benevolence is advanced from ethic to ecology. This is the fundamental line of this emotional logic. Nevertheless, there were two main paradoxes in the giving process of the emotion in the benevolence thought. Especially, when we want to deal with the relationship between human and nature, we will encounter a paradox which we maybe cannot overcome. As for the two poles of this paradox, only by practice, will we make it arrived at a motional balance.