油气田开发对环境的影响及其治理政策

On Environmental Effects of Oil and Gas Development and its Related Management Policy

油气田的开采在带来巨大的经济利益的同时,它的"三废"排放给周边的生态环境也带来严重的影响。为了防治油气田开采环境污染,国家和地方各级政府已经出台了一些相关法规和政策,油气田企业也在积极响应。目前,中国在油气田开采污染防治方面已经取得了一定的成效,但在政策执行、环保意识等方面还需要进一步改善。

The exploitation of oil and gas brings about rich profits, while the discharge of ＂three wastes＂ （ liquid waste, gas waste and waste residue ） causes great damage to ecological environment of surrounding areas. As environmental problems are becoming increasingly grave, the analysis of environmental effects caused by the exploitation of oil and gas seems to be necessary. Governments at different levels have launched a series of laws and policies in order to prevent from the environmental pollution resulted from the exploitation of oil and gas, and petroleum and gas enterprises respond energetically. Through the analysis of the effectiveness of the policies and measures, this paper concludes that we have made certain achievements in the prevention of environmental pollution caused by exploita- tion of oil and gas. However, it is far from enough; especially in the aspects implementation of policies and consciousness of environmental protection, great efforts should be made to achieve some improvements.