抚顺地区实施秸秆粉碎还田的意义及条件

The Significance and Conditions of Returning Ground Straws to Fields for Fushun Area

抚顺地区农家肥的年使用量逐年减少,而大量化肥的施用导致当地耕地土壤有机质含量严重下降,氮含量严重超标,磷、钾含量不足,土壤板结,影响作物生长。实践证明,实施秸秆粉碎还田可以增加土地储水量14%～15%,提高水分利用率15%～17%,且1a可增加土壤有机质含量0.04%,还可以把抚顺2/3中低产田改造成高产田,从而提高单位面积产量和减少化肥投入,促进农民增收节支和农业可持续发展,更有利于保护辽宁水源地水质和减少火灾发生。通过分析表明在抚顺地区推广秸秆粉碎还田技术,已具备良好的实施条件。

The annual applications of farm manure is reduced year by year while the applications of fertilizers is increased substantially in Fushun area with the result that the organic content in the local soil falls sharply, nitrogen content is seriously above the standard, the content of phosphorus and potassium is insufficient, and the soil is hardened, which will inevitably have a negative effect on the growth of crops. Practice has proved that the application of returning ground straws to fields can increase the soil＇s moisture storage capacity by 14%-15%, improve the efficiency of water application by 15%-17%, l a can increase the organic content in the soil by 0.04%, two thirds of the low-yield land can be converted into high-yield land, with the result that the per unit yield is raised, the application of fer- tilizers is reduced, which will produce gains in farmers＂ income and the sustainable agricultural development. This practice is also favorable to the protection of the quality of water head site of Liaoning province and reduce fire hazard. Analysis has shown that Fushun area is poised to implement the technique of returning ground straws to fields.