基于生态足迹理论的武汉城市匿可持续发展评价

The Sustainable Development Evaluation of Wuhan City Circle Based on the Ecological Footprint Theory

结合武汉城市圈开展资源节约型、环境友好型试验区建设的背景，利用生态足迹理论研究的最新成果对武汉城市圈2006年各城市生态足迹及生态承载力进行了计算和分析。结果显示：武汉城市圈2006年人均生态赤字为1．923hm2／cap，比湖北省人均生态赤字1．342hm2／cap多43．3％，其生态超载指数为1．943，是全省生态超载指数0．858的2．15倍；武汉城市圈九个城市皆存在生态赤字，即处于相对不可持续的发展状态，其中黄冈市生态赤字最大，然后依次是孝感市、潜江市、仙桃市、武汉市、黄石市、天门市、鄂州市和咸宁市；武汉城市圈生态资源利用效率比较高，其万元GDP生态足迹为1．854hm2／万元，比全省水平2．320hm2/万元低20．1％，但城市圈中各城市整体上差别较大。最后根据以上分析结果提出提高武汉城市圈可持续发展能力的相应对策。

In the background of Wuhan City Circle＇s building resource-saving and environment- friendly experimental zone, EF and EC of Wuhan City Circle in 2006 are calculated and analyzed with the latest achievements of ecological footprint theory. The results show that： Wuhan City Circle＇s per capital ecological deficit of 2006 is 1.923hm2/cap, 43.3 percent more than Hubei. Province＇s 1.342hm2/cap, and its ecological overshoot index （EOI） is 1.943,2.15 times more than the province＇s 0.858; all the nine cities of Wuhan city circle have ecological deficit and Huanggang City has the largest deficit, followed by Xiaogan City, Qianjiang City, Xiantao City, Wuhan City, Huangshi City, Tianmen City, Ezhou City, and Xianning City; the efficiency of resource use of Wuhan City Circle is relatively high, and its Ecological Footprint 10000 GDP 1.854 hm2/million, 20.1 percent lower than the province＇s 2.320 hm2/million, but there is a big difference among nine cities. Based on the above analysis results, appropriate countermeasures of improving sustainnable development capability of Wuhan city circle are proposed.