再生障碍性贫血大鼠模型的制作及实验室评价

Establishment of an aplastic anemia rat moddel and its laboratory evaluation

目的探讨建立操作简便、建模周期短、成功率高的再生障碍性贫血(AA)动物模型,为贫血检验实验教学提供良好的实验材料。方法随机取13只SD大鼠,采用全身X射线照射结合腹腔注射环磷酰胺和氯霉素的方法制作模型,同时设立假处理组作为对照,实验处理8 d后以血液分析、网织红细胞计数、骨髓象检验等实验室检查对其进行评价。结果第8 d实验组大鼠外周血RBC、HGB、WBC、PLT、Ret%分别为(3.73±0.936)×1012/L、(85±18.8)g/L、(0.5±0.54)×109/L(、140±84.1)×109/L(、2.1±1.80)%,与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P<0.001);骨髓增生明显低下,非造血细胞比例增高(>70%),脂肪空泡增多。结论射线照射结合化疗的方法能在较短时间内方便的制作出符合临床特征的AA动物模型,是建立教学用AA动物模型的理想方法。

Objective Study on establishing simple operated,short model building period and high successful rate of AA animal model,to provide favourable test materials for anemia laboratory teaching.Methods 13 SD rats were randomly selected to set up the the model using whole body X-ray irradiation and peritoneal injection with cyclophosphamide and chloromycetin,meanwhile sham-operated group served as control.After 8 days of experimental treatment,blood analysis,reticulocyte count,myelogram and other laboratory examinations results were evaluated.Results Rats of experimental group has marked reduction in the cells of three systems in peripheral blood（P〈0.05 or P〈0.001）,reticulocyte（P〈0.001） and marrow proliferation,while an increase in the percentage of non-hematopeitic cells and cellula adipose.Conclusion Irradiation combining with chemotherapy can shortly and conveniently set up AA animal models corresponding with clinical features.It is an ideal way of having AA animal model for teaching.