中国气温与全球气温变化的关系

LINKAGE BETWEEN TEMPERATURE CHANGES OF CHINA AND THE WHOLE WORLD

利用１９５１～１９８９年全球格点及中国１６０站逐月气温资料，分析了中国气温场与全球温度场变化的关系及其相应的环流异常。指出：年平均气温显著增暖的中国东北、新疆北部，属中心位于欧亚大陆中北部增暖区的一部分，而中国西南地区的变冷则是局地现象。年平均气温变化的时空特征主要由冬季气温的贡献所致。与中国冬季气温的增暖相对应，欧亚大陆和北美大陆也增暖，北太平洋和北大西洋地区则变冷，这种变化可从欧亚大陆纬向型环流加强和北美大陆经向型环流加强得到解释。长江中下游和南亚地区夏季气温的变化呈反相趋势：长江中下游地区为降温趋势，南亚地区则为增温趋势。

The relationship between temperature changes of China and the whole world is revealed by using the temperature data on the global grids and over Chinese 160 stations from 1951 to 1989. After combining the data on the global grids with that over China, the EOF is applied to this united data set. It's found that North China where the annual temperature warming trend is clear, if looked from the global background, is a part of the warming region centered over center north Eurasia, whereas the decreasing trend of temperature in south west China is a local phenomenon. The space time structure of annual temperature variation is mostly due to winter temperature anomalies. The warming trend of winter over most part of China is accompanied with the warming(cooling) trend over Eurasia and North America(North Pacific and North Atlantic), which is attributed to the strengthening of zonal(meridional) circulation over Eurasia (North America).The trend of summer temperature over the Changjiang River Basin is opposite to that over South Asia: the summer temperature is decreasing over the Changjiang River Basin and increasing over South Asia.