摘要
西北地区干旱化是我国气候灾害和全球变化的主要问题之一。本文利用ＧＣＭ－ＳＳｉＢ模式，通过一次敏感性试验，发现西北地区绿化后使东亚、南亚年平均地表温度升高，海平面气压下降，我国及中南半岛地区降水增多和印度降水减少。升温及降压中心位于绿化区，降水增加中心在我国长江中、下游及中南半岛。绿化后西北地面热源增强明显，并通过环流影响使东亚、南亚地区冬季风减弱，夏季风增强。西北地表热源增加主要由地表感热增加引起；热带雨林区相反，地表热源变化主要由蒸发潜热变化引起。可见温带干旱、半干旱区植被效应及其物理过程与热带雨林区是不同的。
The drought in NW China is one of the main problems of climate disaster of China and global change. A GCM-SSiB model is used to do a sensitivity experiment in this paper.We find that after the afforestation, the annual mean ground surface temprature is higher and the annual mean sea level pressure is lower in East and South Asia. The precipitation is increased in China and the Indochina peninsula decreased in the Indian peninsula. The temprature rise centre and the pressure fall centre is located in the afforesting area.The precipitation rise centre is in the middle and end valley areas of the Yangtze River and the Indochina peninsula. The ground surface heat source in NW China is obviously strengthened after the afforestation and then the winter monsoon weakens and the summer monsoon strengthens in the East and South Asia by the effect of the circulation. The main contribution to strengthen the ground surface heat source is the sensible heat, but in the tropical rainforest area on the contrary, namely the change of the ground surface heat source is mainly caused by the variation of the latent heat.
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第3期300-309,共10页
Plateau Meteorology
基金
中国科学院资源与生态环境研究重点项目
国家自然科学基金
中国科学院院长基金特别支持项目
关键词
区域气候
数值试验
西北地区
绿化
NW China afforestation Regional climate Numerical experiments
