福建沿岸不同海区夏季浮游植物的组成与分布

Study on the composition and distribution of phytoplankton in different waters of coastal Fujian in summer

结合福建省“908专项”，于2006年7～8月对福建省沿岸海域水采浮游植物的种属组成、数量分布、生物量进行了大面积科学调查．结果表明，福建沿岸海域浮游植物隶属于6门57属127种，其中硅藻47属107种，甲藻5属15种，蓝藻1属1种，金藻2属2种，隐藻1属1种，裸藻1属1种．硅藻类在种类和数量上均占主导地位，优势种主要是柔弱伪菱形藻（Pseudo—nitzschia delicatissima）、中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、旋链角毛藻（Chaetoceros curvisetus）、菱形海线藻（Thalassionema nitzschioides）等．硅藻类广布，甲藻类在闽东海域及东山沿岸分布较多，蓝藻类检出率降低，裸藻类和金藻类检出率增高．表层浮游植物平均细胞密度为3222．59×10^4ind／dm^3，数量分布态势为近岸高、外海低，阂东和闽南高、闽中低．叶绿素a及优势类群的分布与数量分布基本一致．福建沿岸海域赤潮生物种类较多，是引发赤潮的潜在生物因素，一些赤潮生物已在闽南、闽东沿岸局部海域成为优势种．

Based on the investigation in coastal Fujian water by the project Fujian 908, community structure of phytoplankton along the Fujian coastal were investigated during July to August, 2006, in order to compare phytoplankton distribution in different seas. The result showed that 127 species belonging to 57 genus of phytoplankton in the study waters were identified, including variety, form and cyst. Among species composition, diatoms contributed to 107 species of 47 genus, pyrrophyta contained 15 species of 5 genus,and others were lower. Diatom was dominant in phytoplankton community in terms of species and quantity, such as Pseudo-nitzschia delicatissima, Skeletonema costatum, Chaetoceros curvisetus and Thalassionema nitzschioides. Pyrrophyta were mostly identified in East Seacoast and Dongshan island in South. Cyanophyta rarely observed while Euglenophyta and Chrysophyta relatively increased compared with historical data. The average density of phytoplankton was 3 222.59 × 10^4 ind/dm^3 with a distribution higher in nearshore waters, lower in off-shore waters, higher in the east and south, lower in the middle of seacoast zones. The change of chlorophyll a and dominant species＇ distribution were generally the same with phytoplankton abundance. Red-tide species were in large number. Waters in the East and South were dominant by some red tide species.