台湾海峡西岸地面风气候变化分析

Analysis on climatic change of surface wind on the west coast of Taiwan Strait

利用1961—2005年台湾海峡西部沿岸平潭、崇武、东山及厦门等4个气象代表站的地面风观测资料，通过计算各代表站的年、季、月平均风速气候趋势系数和各风向频率趋势，较详细地分析了近45a来台湾海峡西部沿岸地面风的气候变化特征．结果表明：（1）近45a来各代表站年平均风速呈明显减小趋势，其中秋、冬、春季平均风速减小趋势明显，夏季风速减小趋势不明显．（2）海峡西部沿岸主导风向有沿海岸线由北向南顺转的特点．（3）海峡西部沿岸地面风速在上世纪80年代初存在着气候突变现象，80年代中期后年平均风速减小明显．

With observation data of surface wind from 4 representative stations, Pingtan, Chongwu, Dongshan and Xiamen, on the west coast of Taiwan Strait, the climate tendency coefficient of annual, seasonal and monthly average wind speed and wind direction frequency tendency were calculated. The effect of climate change on surface wind at west coast of Taiwan Strait in recent 45 years was analyzed in details. The result showed that （ 1 ） the annual average wind speed weakened obviously at all stations in recent 45 years, particularly in autumn, winter and spring except for summer. （2） The predominant wind direct veered from north to south along the west coast. （3） There was climate jump of surface wind in the early 1980s, and annum average wind speed weakened obviously after the middle 1980s.