性别差异视角下女农民工城乡迁移个人风险成本的实证研究——基于1012位城乡迁移农民工的问卷调查

The Empirical Research of Female Farmer-Workers' Personal Risk Costs While They Migrate from Rural to Urban Area in the View of Gender Difference——Based on the Questionnaires of 1012 Farmer-Workers

对1012位城乡迁移农民工问卷调查数据进行的统计分析表明,女农民工工作的稳定性只有男农民工的60.19%;她们遭遇劳动不安全比例比男农民工稍低;女农民工未签订任何形式劳动合同的比例要比男农民工高8.13%;男女农民工"体质不如从前"、"遇到失业"的比例虽不存在性别差异,但在女农民工中,这两方面的比例却高达30%、60%;她们遭遇财产不安全的百分比部分与男农民工有差异;她们享受福利的比例较低,大部分福利的享受比例不存在性别差异。为控制女农民工过高的城乡迁移个人风险成本,应将城乡迁移的女农民工纳入城镇社会保障体系,全社会要树立契约意识与强化职业伦理,城市要建立为城乡迁移的女农民工服务的工作体系,切实保障其合法权益。

The statistical analysis based on a 1012 farmer-workers questionnaire survey data shows that the degree of work stability of the female farmer-worker is only 60. 19% of the male migrant workers＇. The ratio of female migrant workers face unsafe working is slightly lower. 54. 32% of the female farmerworker hash＇ t made a contract,which is 8. 13% higher than that of the male. The percentage of female farmer-worker encounter property unsafety is different from the male. There is 30% of the female farmerworker whoso physique is inferior to the past and 60% who meet unemployment,but there is no gender difference. The proportion that female migrant workers enjoy the benefits is low, though there is no gender difference. In order to control the high personal risk cost while the female farmer-workers migrate from ru- ral to urban area, they should be included into the urban social security system. The whole society must foster contract awareness and enhance professional ethics. City should build a work system servicing for migrant workers and protecting their legal rights effectively.