微生物絮凝剂作用下厌氧颗粒污泥的形成及特性

Properties of Anaerobic Granules Developed by Bioflocculant

以3个同样的UASB（R1、R2、R3）处理COD浓度为5 500~6 500 mg.L-1的废水,在相同的工艺条件下,采用每7 d投加1次方式,R1中每次投加7.5 g CaCl2和400 mL微生物絮凝剂MBF21,R2中每次投加140 mg阳离子PAM,R3作为对照,进行厌氧颗粒污泥培育试验,以考察微生物絮凝剂MBF21对培育厌氧颗粒污泥的促进作用.结果表明,经过67 d的运行,R1、R2、R3中均培育出厌氧颗粒污泥,对应的平均粒径分别为1.18、1.21、0.76 mm,平均粒径增长速率分别为15.37、15.82、9.10μm.d-1,比产甲烷活性SMA（COD-CH4/VSS.t）值分别为0.740、0.657、0.558 g.（g.d）-1,VSS/SS分别为0.667、0.629、0.607,SVI值分别为14.7、13.1、20.4 mL.g-1,湿污泥密度分别为1.061、1.064、1.054 g.cm-3,强度系数ζ分别为92.1、93.5、84.7.电镜扫描发现R1和R2中的颗粒污泥比对照组R3中的颗粒污泥更密实,在形成成熟颗粒污泥过程中,3个反应器均呈现相似规律,即污泥表面由丝状菌占优逐渐向杆菌、球菌占优方向转化.本研究证明了微生物絮凝剂MBF21在促进厌氧污泥颗粒化过程中,在提高颗粒污泥物理性能方面接近阳离子PAM,在提高颗粒污泥生理、生化性能方面优于阳离子PAM.

Three identical UASB reactors （labeled R1, R2, R3） were applied to treat synthetic wastewater of COD concentration 5 500-6 500 mg· L^-1 . Under the same process conditions, R1 was operated with addition of 7.5 g CaC12 and 400 mL bioflocculant MBF21 weekly, R2 was operated with addition of 140 mg cationic PAM weekly, R3 was operated without any addition of floceulants served as control. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of biofloeculant MBF21 on development of anaerobic granules and compare it to cationic PAM. The results showed that after 67 days of operation, anaerobic granules developed in these three UASB reactors. The average diameters of granules in R1, R2 and R3 were 1.18, 1.21 and 0.76 mm, respectively, the granulation rates in R1, R2, R3 were 15.37, 15.82 and 9.10 μm·d^-1 , respectively, the values of SMA （ COD-CH4/VSS· t ） of granules were 0.740, 0.657 and 0.558 g· （g·d） ^-1, respectively, the VSS/SS of granules were 0.667, 0.629 and 0.607, respectively, the SVI of granules were 14.7, 13.1 and 20.4 mL·g^-1 , respectively, the densities of granules were 1.061, 1.064 and 1.054 g·cm-3 , respectively, the integrity coefficients of granules were 92.1, 93.5 and 84.7, respectively. From the photos of SEM, granules developed in R1 and R2 were tighter than those in R3. In the formation of mature granules, all the three reactors showed similar laws, i.e. filamentous microorganisms were predominant on the surface of the seed sludge while bacillus and cocci bacteria were predominant on the surface of the mature granules. This study demonstrated that in the development of anaerobic granules, the effect of bioflocculant MBF21 on enhancement the physical properties of granules was similar to cationic PAM, but the effect of bioflocculant MBF21 on improvement of biochemical and physiological properties of granules was better than cationic PAM.