动态膜生物反应器的运行稳定性及其影响因素研究

Operational Stability of Dynamic Membrane Bioreactor and Its Influence Factors

采用基于微网基材的动态膜生物反应器处理生活污水，考察了其运行稳定性以及曝气方式、微网表面水力条件、水力负荷、混合液性质等对运行稳定性的影响。研究表明，侧方曝气比下方曝气更有利于动态膜的稳定运行；动态膜存在一个临界通量，在低于临界值的次临界通量下运行时，动态膜的过滤压差变化平稳；污泥浓度为5、10、15g／L时临界通量范围分别为（120—160）、（80～120）、（60～80）L／（m2·h）；微网表面的错流流速越高、水力负荷越低，则动态膜过滤压差的增幅越缓慢；非正常运行状态（如污泥解体、丝状菌污泥膨胀）会对动态膜的运行产生不利影响。

The dynamic membrane bioreactor based on coarse pore-sized materials was used to treat domestic sewage, and the operational stability of the bioreactor and the influences of aeration mode, hydrodynamic conditions along the dynamic membrane surface, hydraulic loading and property of mixed liquid on the stability were investigated. It is found that side aeration is more helpful for the stable opera- tion of the dynamic membrane than inferior aeration. There exists a critical flux in dynamic membrane fil- tration. When the filtration is conducted under critical flux, namely, sub-critical flux operation, the transmembrane pressure increases slowly. The ranges of critical flux at sludge concentrations of 5, l0 and 15 g/L are 120 to 160 L/（m2 · h）, 80 to 120 L/（m2 · h） and 60 to 80 L/（m2 · h） respectively. The transmembrane pressure increases more slowly when the cross-flow rate is higher and the hydraulic loading is lower. The stability of dynamic membrane decreases when sludge disaggregation or bulking occur.