茶马古道上的纳西族“藏客”起源探析

A Research into the Origin of the "Zangke" among Naxi Nationality on the Tea-Horse Ancient Road

"藏客"这个纳西族参与茶马古道商贸交流的主要参与群体,其起源于赴藏区朝圣的僧侣。而由僧侣向商人的转变及至崛起,得益于纳、藏文化交流的加深及族际间心理认同的深化和升华,契入并借助于藏族"乃仓"这个族群内互助性交换关系而成长壮大起来的。"藏客"的起源与成长,揭示出茶马古道上族际之间的物资交换和商贸发展,有其特殊的地理边界和心理边界,交换行为的发生并不单纯取决于物资补给的需求程度,而是物资需求与文化联系之间多重选择的结果。

：Naxi people＇ s ＂Zangke＂ ,as the major Tea- Horse Ancient Road,originated from monks from monks to merchants is due to the deeply participating who paid p group of commercial ilgrimage to Tibet. The cultural communication and ethnic communication on the change and grow- up identification between nationalities. Meanwhile,the mutual exchange relationship of the special group Tibetan ＂Naicang＂ is beneficial from this change. The origin and growth of ＂zangke＂ reveals the nationalities＇ aterial exchange and commercial development on the Tea- Horse Ancient Road,and it has the special geographical borders and mental boundaries. The occurrence of exchange behavior not only depends on the extent of need for material supply,but also is the results of multiple- choice between material needs and cultural ties.