叶燮《原诗》的诗法论

The Study on the Rules of Poetry in ‘Poetry Talk’ by Ye Xie

《原诗》是古典诗歌发展后期具有总结性质的重要诗学文献,对于从江西诗派到明代七子派热衷的诗法问题进行了理论探讨,其中"在物者"的理、事、情和"在我者"才、胆、识、力的论述都与诗法论有关。从"在物者"方面,他指出诗法是"虚名"与"定位"的统一,在更高的理论层次上阐述了吕本中以来的"活法"观念。从"在我者"方面,认为诗法从依托于主体神明发挥作用,在创作诸因素中并不具有优先性,对诗法的汇聚融通可生成创作才能,"识"正是融会传统以建构主体才能的中介。《原诗》的诗法论从"法"赖以确立的理、事、情和"法"得以发挥其效用的才识两方面展开,对古代诗法论具有理论总结之价值。

There were many opinions about rules of poetry in Ye Xie＇ s ＂poetry Talks＂. He said that rules are an empty name and thus not to be consider as if existing actually. On the other hand, rules are determinate positions and thus not to be considered as non - existent. So he advised that rules cannot be established on emptiness, it would be dependent on some alien entity in order to be manifest. He advised poem put ＇ animate rules＇ to use less than ＇ dead rules＇ so as to encompass the spiritual illumination of a particular mind.