英汉语言、思维的共性和个性考辨

Universality and Individuality of English and Chinese and Thinking

语言的共性和个性问题,一直是语言学界研究的焦点问题之一。有的学者致力于寻找语言的共性,有的则强调语言的差异。英语和汉语在世界上应用广泛,对两者的共性和个性研究尤其值得重视。本文认为,英汉语既有共性也有个性。思维决定语言,因此语言的共性源于思维的共性,语言的个性源于思维的个性。语言的共性建立在语言的个性基础之上,鉴于汉语研究的状况,目前我们应加强汉语个性的研究。

The universality and individuality concerning language has always been one of the hot topics in language circles. Some try to figure out the universality of languages, while others emphasize the individuality of each language. This paper holds that English and Chinese, like other languages, share both universality and individuality. Thinking determines language, so the universality of the two languages origins from that of thinking, and their individuality derives from the national thinking differences. The universality of languages is based on the individuality of each language, and at present we should lay stress on the study of Chinese individuality.