试析思想政治教育中的“完美性”陷阱——一个“正确理解利益原则”的视角

Analysis of the "Perfection" Trap of Ideological and Political Education——A Perspective of the "Correct Understanding of Interests Principle"

思想政治教育在提升人们的素养方面无疑取得了一些成绩,但也存在着有效性较差的实际问题。造成这种结果的原因很多,其中最严重的是把禁绝个人利益的"完美性"诉求作为具体的、现实的标准。实际上,利益作为每一个自我生存和发展的基础,是不可能被完全禁绝的。因此,利益是道德的基础,"正确理解利益原则"是解决思想政治教育有效性差的一个切入点。但是,"正确理解利益原则"本身是有缺陷的,与思想政治教育的相关追求存在矛盾和冲突。因此,我们必须对该原则进行规制,倡导一种理性指导下的"有限自利"与"完美理想"相结合的"正确理解利益原则"。

Ideological and political education has undoubtedly made some achievements in improving people＇s quality. But there still have some practical problems of poor validity. There are many reasons for this result. The most serious thing is to make the “perfection” on needs by banning personal interests as a specific and real standard. In fact, personal interests, as the basis of survival and development, can not be banned completely. So, interests are the basis of morality, the “correct understanding of interests principle” is a perspective of solving the poor validity problem in ideological and political education. But the “correct understanding of interests principle”, itself, is defective. There are contradictions and conflicts between the principle and the pursuit of ideological and political education. Therefore, we have to regulate the principle to promote the “correct understanding of interests principle” which combines a kind of rational “limited self-interest” with “perfect ideal”.