乌兰布和沙地东北缘不同配置的农田防护林小气候效应的对比研究

Study on microclimate effect of different deploy structure of farmland sheltbelt in Ulanbuh Desert

农田防护林带的小气候调节作用主要表现在防风效应和水热效应(温度和湿度)等[1]。因此,选取了风速、风向、大气温度、大气湿度等气象因子,对6种不同配置的防护林的作用范围内小气候观测数据与对照区数据的差值进行了比较分析。结果表明:4行的1榆树(Ulmus pumila L.)+2新疆杨(P.alba var.pyrami-dalis)+1榆树(Ulmus pumila L.)配置防护效果最明显;8行小美旱杨(P.popularis)、1榆树+2旱柳(Salixmat-sudana Koidz)+1榆树、4旱柳+4小美旱杨次之;2行箭杆杨(P.nigra var.thevestina)、2行加拿大杨(P.cana-densis)的防护效果相对较弱。

Microclimate of farmland shehbeh mainly show Saposhnikovia divaricata effect and water heat effect （temperature and humidity）, etc. So choosing wind speed, wind direction, air temperature and air humidity to microclimate factors to observe the 6 kinds deploys. The results indicated, the protection effect of farmland shehbelt deploy of 1 row Ulmus pumila L. ＋ 2 row P. alba var. pyramidalis ＋ 1 row Ulmus taUmila L. is the most obvious among 6 kinds of deploys; that of 8 row P. popularis , 1 row Ulmus pumila L. ＋ .2 row Salix matsudana Koidz ＋ 1 row Ulmus pumila L. , 4 row Salix matsudana Koidz ＋ 4 row P. popularis take second place and that of 2 row P. nigra var. thevestina, 2 row P. canadensis are weaker relatively.