关于“中央造山带”几个问题的思考

SOME REMARKS ON CHINA CENTRAL OROGENIC SYSTEM

中央造山带”的提法响亮、瞩目，但其真正含义应加以分析、思考．从地理山脉综合分析表明它们不是统一山脉，但现实却出现一带山系，横贯中国大陆中央，故地理上可笼而统之称其为一道“中央山系”．地质含义分析证明它们不是统一造山带，但祁连、昆仑、秦岭和大别可为广义统一造山带，是东古特提斯和中国大陆完成其主体最后拼合的关键地带之一．研究“中央造山系”有以下几个关键问题：（１）新生代，尤其是新第三纪以来中央造山系有无正在东西向裂解趋势，它与环境、灾害发展趋势有无关系？（２）中新生代中央各造山带有无统一形成背景与机制；（３）古特提斯与“中央造山系”的关系；（４）中央造山系有无统一格局的早古生代板块构造演化，其中新元古代构造基础又是什么？（５）中央造山系的共性与特性是什么、大地构造特殊意义是什么等等．研究中央造山系，应以大陆板块构造和大陆动力学为学术指导思想，立足于中国地质实际，面向全球，建立研究基地，开展多学科综合全方位研究，采用新思维、新观念、新方法，重新审视大陆和中国大陆，发展探索大陆动力学，为建立新的造山带理论与研究方法而努力，以在当代地学发展前沿领域促进地学和社会发展．

The term Central Orogenic System has been recently coined and is immediately accepted in the geological circles of China. The true connotation of this new term, however, needs further considerations. From the geographic point of view, the mountains comprising this system are markedly arrayed from east to west into a high mountain chain across the middle part of China continent, and thus can be reasonably called central mountain system, including the Dabieshan, the Qinling, Qilian, and Kunlun mountains. These moutain ranges are now geologically treated as individual orogens, but recent studies demonstrate that they are actually, in a broad sense, parts of a huge orogenic zone where the Eastern Paleo_Tethyan ocean was closed and consequently the adjacent blocks and terranes were integrated. Some of the key problems are addressed in this paper concerning the Central Orogenic System. (1)Did the Central Orogenic System suffer the dismemberment into several segments along its strike during the Cenozoic, in particular since the Neogene? And did the dismembering exert a strong impact upon natural environments or cause any natural calamities in adjacent regions? (2) Did the individual orogen within the system develop under a similar tectonic regime? (3) What is the relationship between the Paleo_Tethys and the Central Orogenic System? (4) What is the nature of early Paleozoic plate_tectonics of the Central Orogenic System? And what is the tectonic background of the Neoproterozoic Central Orogenic System? (5) What are the similarities and uniqueness of the individual orogens within the system? And what is their tectonic significance? The Central Orogenic System therefore should be studied in the light of continental dynamics and based upon a multidisciplinary approaches. The research outcome will surely provide insights into the detailed processes of the continental deformation and further promote the development of earth sciences in China.