人参皂甙对大鼠慢性颈髓损伤中神经细胞凋亡的影响

Effect of Ginsenoside on the Apoptosis of Nerve Cells in Chronic Cervical Cord Injury Rats

【目的】探讨大鼠慢性颈髓损伤后人参皂甙对神经细胞凋亡的影响。【方法】4月龄SD大鼠随机分为3组：A组（对照组），切开颈椎后方皮肤后即缝合；B组（模型组），破坏大鼠颈椎后柱稳定性建立慢性颈髓损伤模型，造模后立即腹腔注射生理盐水2μg／kg，以后每周注射一次；C组（人参皂甙干预组），建立模型后立即腹腔注射人参皂甙100mg／kg，以后每周注射一次；在此基础上另设D组（人参皂甙＋IL-10干预组），建立模型后立即腹腔注射人参皂甙100mg／kg和IL-10 5μg／kg，以后每周注射一次。腹腔麻醉取C4～C6脊髓行组织学切片，苏木素伊红（HE）染色观察形态学变化，TUNEL免疫荧光法测定颈脊髓神经细胞凋亡情况，免疫组化法测定颈脊髓IL-10的表达。【结果】成功建立大鼠慢性颈髓损伤模型，光镜下C、D组较B组病理改变明显改善，3个月及5个月时，相同时间点B、C组IL-10的表达与A组比较均明显增高，C组高于B组有显著统计学差异（P〈0．01）；且A、B、C各组内比较5个月的表达高于3个月时的表达，有显著统计学差异（P〈0．01）。5个月时，A组大鼠脊髓组织TUNEL阳性细胞极少，B组有大量的阳性细胞，C、D组有少量的阳性细胞，D组最少，但均多于A组。【结论】人参皂甙都能抑制慢性颈脊髓损伤中神经细胞的凋亡，促进脊髓神经功能恢复，其作用可能与增高IL-10表达相关，联合运用IL-10可显著提高其疗效。

[Objective]To explore the effect of ginsenoside on the apoptosis of nerve cells in chronic cervical cord injury rats. [Methods]SD rats with the age of four-month old were randomly divided into 3 groups. Group A （control group） underwent only an skin incision in posterior cervical. In Group B （model group）, the rest rats were operated by destroying cervical posterior column, and then intraperitoneally injected with saline 2μg/kg once a week. Group C （ginsenoside group） received intraperitoneal injection with ginsenoside 100 mg/ kg once a week. Group D （ginsenoside ＋ IL-10 group） received intraperitoneal injection with ginsenoside 100 mg/kg and interleukin 10（IL-10） 5μg/kg once a week. Three months and five months respectively later, the spinal cords of C4 -C6 were collected, and then the pathological changes of paraffine tissue specimens were as sessed by light microscopy after stained with HE. IL- 10 expressions were tested by streptavidin peroxidase （SP） immunohistochemistry and the cell apoptosis was detected by TUNEL-based immunofluorescent technique. [Results]The rat model of chronic cervical cord injury was established successfully. Under light micros copy, the pathological improvements were observed in Group C and D, compared with Group B. Three months and five months later, the expression of IL -10 was significantly higher in Group B and C than that in Group A at the same time point. And it was significantly higher in Group C than that in Group B （ P 〈0.01）. And the expression of IL-10 was significantly higher after 5 months than that after 3 months in Group A, B and C, respectively （ P 〈0.01）. Five months later, TUNEL positive cells were the least in Group A and the highest in Group B. And the positive cells were few in Group C and D, ,and the least in Group D, but higher in Group C and D than those in Group A. [Conclusion]Ginsenoside can inhibit the apoptosis of nerve cells in chronic cervical cord injury and improve the recovery of spinal nerve function by increasing the expression of IL -10. The combination of ginsenoside and IL -10 is more effective.